PIONEERING LANDMARKS OF OGBONA WOMEN
Introduction
The history of Ogbona is illuminated not only by kings, chiefs, and public institutions, but also by the courage, wisdom, enterprise, and cultural force of its women. Across generations, Ogbona women have stood at the forefront of social change, communal resistance, spiritual leadership, education, commerce, and cultural preservation. Their contributions, though sometimes insufficiently documented, remain deeply woven into the identity and progress of the community.
This section, “Pioneering Landmarks of Ogbona Women,” brings to light the lives and legacies of remarkable women whose actions shaped the social and historical landscape of Avhianwu. They were women of uncommon strength who challenged injustice, defended their people, nurtured their families, preserved tradition, embraced faith, and pioneered change in moments when courage was most required.
From Madam Ododoibo Obeakemhe, whose fearless leadership during the anti-tax resistance of 1961/1962 protected Ogbona men from humiliation and oppression, to Princess Veronica Omoneka L. K. Ogedegbe, who introduced the modern casket-burial system in 1951 and transformed funeral practices in Avhianwu, these women stand as symbols of bold vision and historic transition. From the rich cultural legacy of Oghogho Enegwea, whose music, craft, and character enriched communal life, to the spiritual strength and maternal impact of Helen Omonobedo Imoagene, whose life of faith and service touched many, each story reveals a different dimension of womanhood and leadership.
This section also celebrates women such as Chief (Mrs.) Christiana Amina Erua Anabor, a formidable businesswoman, political mobilizer, cultural custodian, and the first woman to receive the chieftaincy title Oreghokphe of Avhianwu; and Mrs. Comfort Akhumeo Anaweokhai, a disciplined educator, devout church leader, and a nurturing humanitarian whose service shaped both home and school. Together, these women embody the enduring virtues of resilience, dignity, hard work, compassion, and responsibility.
These women did not merely exist within their culture; they actively shaped it. They traded, traveled, preached, taught, organized, and protested. Above all, they acted with a deep sense of communal responsibility. Whether in the markets of the North, the classrooms of Edo State, the churches of Ogbona, or the farms of Etsako, their labour and sacrifices were ultimately directed toward the upliftment of their families and the honour of their community.
By documenting their lives, we ensure that the names of these heroines—some without formal Western education, yet richly endowed with wisdom, courage, and leadership—are never erased by the passage of time. Their lives form a bridge between the ancient wisdom of our ancestors and the boundless possibilities of the future.
Their stories are more than biographies. They are records of communal memory, testimonies of sacrifice, and landmarks of progress. They remind us that the development of Ogbona did not happen through the labour of men alone, but also through the vision, resistance, creativity, and steadfast devotion of its daughters.
In honouring these women, we preserve more than names; we preserve values, struggles, achievements, and examples worthy of emulation. Their lives remain a source of pride and inspiration, and their legacies continue to guide the path of future generations in Ogbona and beyond.
Here, we tell the stories of the women who built, protected, and defined Ogbona.
THE AMAZON, MADAM ODODOIBO OBEAKEMHE & THE ANTI-TAX RIOT OF 1961/1962
History pages are strewn with women’s contributions to the emancipation of the human race. Often, they risked their lives, broke with traditions, overcame gender barriers, and jumped in where even men would fear to tread. Queen Amina of Zaria and Mrs. Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti easily come to mind. The Aba Women’s Riots of 1929 are still as fresh as ever. Unfortunately, for reasons best known to historians and more out of ethnic bigotry than subtle display of chauvinism, the heroic contributions of Uwomha Ododoibo Obeakemhe to the liberation of Avhianwu people from the burden of the obnoxious tax regime known as Schedule 2 (SEDETU) by the local authority are not mentioned anywhere in the history books. Worse still, even at the local level, there is no memorabilia in her honor for her heroic deeds. Before any form of rigmarole, the questions are immediately propelled: what is the meaning of ODODOIBO, and who is Mrs. Ododoibo Obeakemhe?
Ododoibo means the glittering cloth of the white race or the glittering flower of the white race (a very pretty woman)
Ododoibo was the great and brave daughter of Omosue (aka Onuguna) of Ivhianaga quarters, Okotor Ogbona. Her mother was Mrs. Anwuekpe of Ivhiobere kingdom, Ivhido, Ogbona.
Late Ododoibo was born circa 1894 and married Late Obeakemhe Onaikpe around 1912. She died in May 1975. She was among the first uneducated women to travel out of Ogbona to visit her first son, who was a driver for the king of Ondo. Her visit to Ondo exposed her to Western education and the business world. Upon her return from Ondo, she led a protest to the then village head, late Okozi Ebeto that girls who normally went out naked, as it was the practice, should be allowed to tie wrappers around their waists.
She also leveraged her business experience in Ondo and got involved in petty trading. She was fully engaged in trade by barter, as she would go to Osomhegbe Ikpata markets to exchange ume (camwood) for fish. She would, in return, sell (exchange) the fish obtained for other items. She was indeed a rallying point in the community. She was also a woman leader in Ivhiochie when politics was introduced in the late forties.
HER INVOLVEMENT IN OGBONA WOMEN RIOT OF 1961/1962
Prior to the attainment of political independence in 1960, the tax law that was practiced in Nigeria was a “pay” tax. That is, every person, irrespective of political affiliation, was expected to pay the same amount in tax.
Upon attainment of political independence, the Western Nigeria Regional Government (ACTION GROUP) enacted a tax law that was discriminatory in nature. Schedule 2 (sadetu) of that tax law was targeted at political opponents who were expected to pay higher taxes because they belonged to the opposing party. The NCNC was also guilty of such political victimization, as was the party at the federal level.
The season witnessed unwarranted arrests of some political opponents who could not pay the Schedule 2 tax notices served on them. Some people absconded from their homes in the village to hide on their farms for several months for fear of being arrested by tax law enforcement officers. In November 1961, some tax enforcement officers from the Afenmai Divisional Council Office at Auchi were deployed to Ogbona to enforce the collection of the higher taxes. The tax men invaded Ogbona as early as 5.00am in a bid to arrest tax evaders, who mainly were members of the opposition party in the western region. Some men were arrested and bundled into a waiting van.
Tax collectors had able allies in the persons of Mr. Tenebe, the then maternity dispenser who collected taxes for the council, and Mr. Opel Ayalomhe who was in charge of issuing receipts.
But for the bravery of Ododoibo who mobilized some other women like Isomhepo Enamhegbai, Omomhirue Anabor, Aretsa Oboarekpe, Omhonaya Ebraimah-Ikoko, and a host of others, Ogbona men would have remained pawns in the chessboard of tax men. The women barricaded the road to Auchi, disarmed the tax officers, and freed those already arrested. The driver of the vehicle and the tax officer were asked to leave the village for peace to reign. The women were dressed in native farm uniforms of EGBU, thus signposting readiness for war at the least provocation. The tax officers made several attempts till early 1962 to arrest some indigenes of Ogbona but each attempt was met with stiff resistance and consequently foiled by the protesting women, who were ready for any showdown. The protest lasted for more than four months.
Although the protest did not completely cancel the obnoxious tax regime, it spared the men from the humiliation of being bundled into a waiting van like common criminals. Again, it brought about civil proceedings, as those who were excessively taxed had the opportunity to seek redress in Fugar and appeal in Auchi.
Things were said to be so bad that a woman had to carry her husband on her back to the farm to escape the prying eyes of tax collectors in Iraokhor. Upon discovering her prank, the man fell from her back and ran into the bush, to the amusement of everyone.
Uwomha Ododoibo’s action was said to have spurred Iraokhor women into similar action to save their men from further humiliating tendencies. Her political activism also came to the fore when the election between Chief M.C.K. Orbih and Chief G.M. Udochi in 1964 was rigged in favor of Chief Udochi at Okpella. As a matter of fact, there was no election, as fictitious results were written at Okpella. Uwomha Ododoibo organized and mobilized everyone to Assumpta School, now Saint Angela’s Girls’ Secondary School, Afashio, where the results were being collated. Within a short time, the place was taken over by Ogbona people, with the sworn mission to raze it down with fire. It took the intervention and personal pleas of Justice Kessington Momoh to calm frayed nerves.
Mrs. Ododoibo Obeakemhe was indeed a great heroine who, in death, deserves to be immortalized, at least with a street named after her in Ogbona community.
Story compiled by: Jaso Obeakemhe, Anthony Ogedegbe, Gilbert Odior and
John Anaweokhai
OGHOGHO ENEGWEA: A LIFE OF ABUNDANT JOY, SERVICE, AND LEGACY
Early Life and Background
Oghogho Enegwea (born Mary Titi Oghogho, née Enaberue) was born on January 1, 1914, a historic date that coincided with Nigeria’s amalgamation, marking a unique convergence of personal and national milestones. She was born in Ogbona to the respected Enaberue family. Her father, Enaberue, was a renowned storyteller, actor, and community leader, while her mother, Ikhapola Enaberue, greatly influenced her upbringing with a legacy of song, performance, and communal engagement. Raised in a culturally rich and loving environment with high moral standards, Oghogho inherited her parents’ values and talents. Her father, passionate about onomastics (the study of names), gave her the name Ogho̲gho̲ in the hope that it would shape her destiny. Family members fondly remember her mother’s strong presence and voice as especially formative. From childhood, Oghogho displayed a cheerful and peaceful spirit, endearing herself to both family and friends.
Education and Early Talents
Growing up at a time when educational opportunities were limited for women, Oghogho learned primarily at home and in her community. She was an avid learner, absorbing traditional values, practical skills, and wisdom from her parents and elders. Under the guidance of her mother, she mastered the intricate art of weaving traditional calico attire—O̲dabo̲, Igbo̲gane̲, and E̲chie̲gbovhioghie—garments that became her hallmark.
Talents, Artistry, Craft, and Achievements
Oghogho was a multi-talented woman. In addition to her weaving skills, she gained acclaim as a composer, singer, and arranger, establishing herself as a traditional music star in the 1960s and 1970s. Her distinct voice and innovative compositions in the Izi music genre were widely recognized, leading to the release of numerous records and cassettes that left a lasting mark on her region’s cultural heritage.
She became renowned for her vibrant public performances, which not only entertained but also strengthened communal bonds and preserved traditional music and storytelling for future generations.
Madam Titi was a consummate traditional musician and vocalist. In the 1960s and 1970s, she gained prominence through her recordings in the Izi genre, regularly releasing records and cassettes that made her a local music star. Her voice was often described as mellifluous and spiraling, reminiscent of classical styles and evoking memories of her mother’s ancestral singing. Family members remember her impressive repertoire and unique style, both of which made her a fixture at traditional and communal celebrations.
Beyond music, she was also an accomplished craftswoman. She wove traditional Calico attire—such as O̲dabo̲, Igbo̲gane̲, and E̲chie̲gbovhioghie—and took great pride in maintaining a tidy household and grounds, often tending to the Bahama grass in her driveway. These daily labors reflected her lifelong commitment to diligent, purposeful work and service.
Personal Qualities and Values
Oghogho embodied the virtues of humility, integrity, charity, and devotion to duty. She was recognized for her calm temperament, positive outlook, and remarkable work ethic—attributes she credited for her astonishing longevity and good health. Her wisdom and candid counsel were sought by many in her community.
A staunch advocate of peace, unity, and love, she was revered for her ability to mediate conflicts, offer thoughtful advice, and support the downtrodden. Her home was always open, welcoming friends, relatives, and strangers alike. She valued friendships deeply, forming lifelong bonds and living out the biblical counsel: “A loyal friend is like a medicine that keeps you in good health.”
Family and Motherhood
As a wife and mother, Oghogho’s influence was profound. She raised her children and grandchildren with unwavering love, discipline, and a deep sense of service. Her family remembers her as the bedrock of wisdom, compassion, and unwavering faith, traits that earned her respect across generations.
Longevity, Philosophy, and Public Recognition
At her 100th birthday celebration in 2014, Madam Titi was interviewed by a correspondent from Ebony magazine. When asked about the secret to her longevity and continued good health, she credited moderation, equanimity, work, and love. This succinct philosophy reflected the classical and religious teachings she valued: a calm temperament with optimism, meaningful work, and a life guided by charity and mercy.
Her approach blended optimism with practical discipline. She rejected malice, practiced generosity, and believed life was too short for quarrels and frivolities. Her calm, confident, and unpretentious manner during arguments and debates garnered respect for its moral authority.
Remarkably, Oghogho lived beyond 106 years, witnessing dramatic societal changes. Even in advanced age, she remained active—singing, weaving, gardening, and engaging in community life.
Recognition and Funeral
She passed away peacefully on October 20, 2020, leaving behind a legacy of joy, resilience, and inspiration. Her life, true to her name, was a celebration of blessings, cherished in the memory of her community and in the lives she touched.
She was honored not just by her family but by her entire community and beyond. Her funeral featured songs and tributes that reflected her love of music and her generous spirit. Friends, relatives, and admirers celebrated her legacy, quoting Ecclesiastes and Shakespeare to commemorate her journey.
Conclusion
Oghogho Enegwea’s legacy is a vibrant tapestry, woven from music, craftsmanship, character, and care for her community. As a performer and recording artist, she gave enduring life and renewed popularity to the Izi musical tradition. Her dedication as a craftswoman preserved the art of traditional dress and invaluable practical skills, connecting generations. Oghogho led by quiet example, radiated humility, charity, calm leadership, and deep faith, touching everyone who knew her. Through lifelong friendships and devoted mentorship, she strengthened the bonds that held her community together. Her story is one of boundless joy, unwavering character, and heartfelt service to family and society—a beacon of inspiration and a memory to cherish and celebrate for all time.
HELEN OMONOBEDO IMOHAGENE
Mrs. Helen Omonobedo Imoagene was born in 1934 at Okoto Iraokhor in what was then Bendel State, now Edo State, to the family of the late Mr. Emakiohmhe, also known as Akpi O gana, and Mrs. Omobumhe. Her father was a prominent hunter, farmer, and native herbal practitioner in the community. Helen was the fifth of seven children and the second child of her parents.
Tragically, she lost her mother at a young age and was not privileged to receive a formal education, yet she grew into a woman of remarkable talent and character. In 1954, Helen met and married Mr. Osiregbemhe Utu Imoagene, her heartthrob, from the Imoagene family. They were blessed with two daughters and two sons. A few years into her marriage, she found herself raising her children alone. As a single mother, she engaged in business and farming to provide for her family and ensured that her children received the best education she could afford. In 2014, she endured the sorrowful loss of her only son.
Helen was full of life, known for her talent as a composer of songs, a dancer, and a source of encouragement to many. She deeply empathized with others, sharing in their pain and joy, and was renowned for her hospitality, generosity, and care. Her life positively influenced and transformed many people. She advocated for peace, forgiveness, and love, and was a fervent intercessor. Helen knew no enemies and never exposed her children, grandchildren, or great-grandchildren to such.
In 1982, Helen had a transformative encounter with the Lord, dedicating her life to God’s service. She became a preacher of the gospel and a steward of the Word, always putting God first—a commitment that was the secret to her success. Her ministry was marked by signs and wonders, and she faced every challenge with unwavering faith. In 1988, she established her church in Ogbona, with several branches, and led her family in the ways of the Lord. On November 11, 2017, she was laid to rest by the church of her younger daughter, Deeper Life Bible Church.
Helen, affectionately known as “IMAMA DE MAMA,” passed away peacefully at about 4 a.m. on September 2, 2017, at Ohize Medical Centre, Benin City. She was remembered as a gentle woman, a woman of peace, a tree of shelter, a mighty woman of valor, a devoted intercessor, and a mother of mothers. She followed the path laid out for her by God, leaving behind the message: “I have fought a good fight, I have finished my course, I have kept the faith.” ” ”
She is survived by two children, nineteen grandchildren, eleven great-grandchildren, and sisters. “So teach us to number our days, that we may apply our hearts unto wisdom (for salvation)” – Psalm 90:12.
CHIEF (MRS) CHRISTIANA AMINA ERUA ANABOR JP (THE OREGHOKPHE OF AVIANWU)
Chief (Mrs) Christiana Amina Erua Anabor, fondly known as OREGHOKPHE or ONYEKHAKHA, was a distinguished daughter of Ogbona, an esteemed businesswoman, politician, philanthropist, and celebrated community leader who has dedicated her service to the Avianwu Clan and Ogbona community. Born in May 1937 to the late Pa Jonny Emhokidi and the late Omhonanya Braimoh Omoakhia in Ivhianaga Quarter, Ogbona, now in Etsako Central Local Government, Edo State, she was the sole surviving child of her parents, having lost her brother at a young age. Her father’s death when she was just seven months old made formal education difficult, a lifelong wish she was unable to fulfill; yet she never saw this as a limitation.
Christiana was initiated into the Inumegie Age Group and remains one of its last ten surviving members. She married the late Pa Julius Erua Anabor in her early twenties, and together they had thirteen children, ten of whom survive today. She has been blessed with many grandchildren and great-grandchildren.
Chief Christiana began her trading career early, supported financially by her husband. She traded widely across Nigeria—in places like Onitsha, Lokoja, Benin, Kaduna, Kano, and Lagos—dealing in foodstuffs such as garri, rice, and fish, as well as shoes. Her shrewdness in trade earned her the nickname “Madam K” among her northern trading partners. She served as chairperson of the Ice Fish Traders Association of Afemai Land in the 1970s and led the Local Rice Dealers Association.
To thank her husband for his support, she gifted him a CD 185 Honda motorcycle.
Chief Christiana’s political journey began with the late Chief M.C.K. Orbih during the NPN era. She later served as Etsako Woman Leader, mobilization officer, and an influential community leader for many years. Her prominence led her to serve in the Clan Head’s secret council during the coronation of HRH Chief Oboarekpe, the Oghieavianwu of Avhianwu. She was revered as a custodian of Avianwu cultural and traditional heritage.
She actively participated in several cultural dance groups, such as Izi, Agbi, and Atsamukoko and was a patron. On January 28, 1990, she achieved the highest traditional honor for Avianwu noblewomen, “Ukpe No Khua,” after completing important rites with her mother. This great achievement added the title “ONYEKHAKHA” to her name. Important milestones such as AKHE-OHIE and AKHE-IPKE preceded the honor.
On November 4, 2006, HRH Chief Ajayi P. Oboarekpe, the Oghieavianwu of Avhianwu, conferred upon her the chieftaincy title “OREGHOKPE OF AVHIANWU,” making her the first woman in the clan to receive such recognition.
She led the Osai group of Avhianwu, mentoring young women in cultural traditions. A devout Roman Catholic, she has received many awards and was sponsored on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 2009 by the Etsako Central Local Government.
Chief Christiana was the grand patron of the Inakhuegiemhe Age Group, Enalo Social Group, and was the oldest woman in the Izah family, “Ape Izah.” She was known for her generosity, often lending money without interest and regularly writing off debts.
Chief OREGHOKPE was a natural leader, celebrated for her elegance, intelligence (despite a lack of formal education), shrewdness, and loyalty. While known for her stubbornness and quick temper, she remains friendly, welcoming, and relaxed in conversation with all, including opponents. Always polite and diplomatic, she expertly bridges diverse communities.
Chief Christiana Amina Erua was beloved by both old and young and radiates joy when surrounded by others.
MRS COMFORT AKHUMEO ANAWEOKHAI (NEE ASEKHAUNO)
Mrs. Comfort Akhumeo Anaweokhai was born on September 11, 1941, into the family of the late Mr. Okogie Martin Asekhauno (d. Oct. 6, 1955) of Ogbona and Mrs. Mary Oghiator Agbamhe (d. June 24, 1988) of Ivhiughelo quarters in Iraokhor. As a young and promising girl, she attended St. Peter’s Catholic School, Ahoada, Rivers State. She then continued at Holy Rosary Convent School in Port Harcourt, where she completed her Standard 6 between January 1955 and December 1956. When her father became seriously ill, she returned home from Port Harcourt. From 1957 to 1958, she taught at St. Theresa Catholic School, Fugar, and Sacred Heart Primary School, Agenebode. Between 1959 and 1960, she studied at Sacred Heart College, Ubiaja, obtaining her T.C. III qualification.
After her marriage in May 1961, she returned to Sacred Heart College, Ubiaja, for her T.C. II from January 1965 to December 1966. As a young teacher, she worked at Ugbogiobo, Egbudu-Aka, Nsukkwa, and Baptist High School, Benin City. She later earned her N.C.E. at the College of Education, Benin City (1981–1983) and completed her National Youth Service Corps from 1983 to 1984.
Due to health challenges, she moved back home in August 1985 and continued teaching at Ogbona Secondary School, Ogbona, from October 1985 until her retirement in December 1993. She was known as a disciplined, devoted, and highly respected English teacher.
Our beloved mother taught English, Literature in English, Music, and Dance at Ogbona Secondary School. She loved singing Christian music and composed several songs. She was a humanitarian, caring for all, especially the weak and helpless.
She remained a pious, diligent, loving, and faithful mother and wife. Through life’s challenges, she maintained her gentle, calm, and loyal nature. She supported her family through frequent relocation, instilling morals and discipline in her children.
CHURCH LIFE
Since her youth, she has been an active, faithful Catholic and choir member from primary school. She participated in organizations such as the St. Jude Society, the Catholic Women Organization, the Lay Readers’ Association, the Sacred Heart of Jesus, and St. Anthony’s Guild.
POSITIONS HELD IN CHURCH
– 1996–2007: President, Catholic Women Organization, Ogbona
– 1999–Present: President, Association of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Ogbona
– 2000–Present: President, Guild of St. Anthony.
She passed away on August 4, 2025, at the age of 84.
MADAM ANGELINA AGBAPALO ODIOR (NEE IGONOR)
Early Life and Family Background
Mrs. Angelina Agbapalo Odior was born on 21 September 1931 to the late Mr. and Mrs. Igonor of Ivhiorevho Quarters, Ogbona, in Avianwu Clan, Etsako Central Local Government Area of Edo State. She was the second daughter of the late Mrs. Awawu Amhofuegbe Igonor (nee Ikhaghu). Her full siblings were Mrs. Adi Momoh Umole (late) and Lady Christiana Itsuokor (late). She also had several stepbrothers, including Irumhekhai Igonor, Aduku Igonor, Pius Ebayode Igonor, and Ikhe Igonor.
Relationship with Her Elder Sister
Madam Angelina shared a loving bond with her eldest sister, Mrs. Adi Momoh Umole (late). Adi Momoh Umole, the eldest of the three sisters, had seven children: Mrs. Abiba Osimerha (late), Mrs. Omonegho Enakpene (late), Lady Victoria Umole, Dr. Jerome Umole (late), Lawrence Umole (late), Mrs. Magdalene Yusuf (late), and Clement Umole. Among the seven children of Abiba Osimerha (late) is Barrister Felix Jones Osimerha. Dr. Jerome Umole (late) had five children: Barrister Ekhaesomi Umole, Barrister Osilama Umole, Oshioriamhe Umole, Mrs. Oyemhe, and Emike Umole.
Relationship with Her Younger Sister
Her younger sister was Lady Christiana, whom she loved dearly. The youngest of the three sisters, Lady Christiana lived with her elder sister, Madam Angelina Odior, to help care for her children before marrying the late Pa Daniel Kadiri Itsuokor in 1959. Lady Christiana had nine children: Mike Amanesi Kadiri Itsuokor, Moses Eshiekpaobo Kadiri Itsuokor (late), Cecilia Eloghie, Frederick Egbevhomhe Kadiri Itsuokor, Marcel Erelumhe Kadiri Itsuokor, Martina, Anthony Iyemhelo, Mathew Oshiomeghie Kadiri Itsuokor, and Evelyn Omoarefe. Sadly, Lady Christiana passed away on 7 August 1991 at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital in Zaria after a long illness.
Extended Family Connections
Angelina and her step-siblings loved and cared for one another. The children of Aduku Augustine Igonor include Mrs. Helen Igonor Renner, Mr. Benson Igonor, Mr. Lawrence Igonor, Mrs. Regina Igonor Okorodudu, Mrs. Josephine Igonor Olusakin, Mr. Emmanuel Igonor, and Mrs. Justina Igonor Nzekwe. Pius Ebayode Igonor was blessed with seven children: Lucky Odior Igonor, Thomas Omo Igonor, Mrs. Grace Ademakhe Ogedegbe, Professor Aiyegbeni Igonor, Dr. Godwin Emokhare Igonor, Pastor Patrick Agbomheire Igonor, and Bar. (Mrs.) Precious Emetsemhe Adejo.
Marriage and Children
In the late 1940s, Raphael Nasamu Odior married his first wife, Angelina Agbapalo Odior (nee Igonor), in the Catholic Church. Their union was blessed with six children: Celina Ikhaluotse Odior, Ambrose Atsenokhai Odior, Gilbert Erelumhe Odior, Roseline Ayemhere Igbadumhe (late), Joseph Asama Odior (late), and Tessy Omonike Irueghe. Angelina is survived by four children, 11 stepchildren, 17 grandchildren, and 13 great-grandchildren.
Faith, Character, and Role in the Family
She worked tirelessly on the farm, supporting her husband and ensuring that all her children received an education and enjoyed a good life. She was a devoted Catholic known for her gentle nature and kind words, which endeared her to the Nasamu family even after Raphael’s passing in August 2005. Angelina was a unifying figure among the Nasamu and Igonor descendants, as well as among her biological and stepchildren, and she occupied the place of a notable matriarch. Her love and care left a lasting impact on everyone who knew her, giving them strength and courage in the face of life’s challenges. She expressed her love through prayer and was regarded not only as a mother figure but also as a friend and confidante by her in-laws. Angelina appreciated the beauty of nature and loved both God and people. She was stylish, often dressing elegantly and wearing makeup, especially on Sundays, with the help of her daughters-in-law and grandchildren.
Compassion and Legacy
Dedicated and divinely inspired, Angelina brought happiness to all who encountered her. She would sit in front of the house to greet people returning from the hospital or the farm, offering them medication, words of wisdom, and care. Her honesty, integrity, humility, purity of heart, and commitment to her family and community were exemplary. She was known for her peaceful nature, earning her the nickname “Orunomeh” from her mother-in-law. Her home was always open to everyone, and her hospitality made all feel welcome and valued. She treated everyone equally and never showed favoritism, even among her biological children. Her loving and motherly nature earned her the name by which she was fondly called by all, “Mama Nokhua,” meaning grandmother to all.
Tribute from the Family
Her family feels blessed and grateful to have had her as a mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother. There are no words to fully express their gratitude for all she did for her family. She invested her time, energy, and love in both her family and community, enriching their lives with friendship, happiness, honor, wisdom, and love. She was a symbol of love and a pillar of strength. She was truly altruistic. Her family is deeply thankful to the Lord for her long and healthy life. She will be greatly missed. Rest in peace, Mama, until the resurrection morning.
THE ENDURING LEGACY OF PRINCESS VERONICA OMONEKA L.K. OGEDEGBE (NÉE EBUESO) FROM UKO TO CASKET
INTRODUCTION
Prior to the mid-20th century, burial practices in Avianwu Kingdom were firmly rooted in indigenous tradition, cultural symbolism, and ancestral reverence. Central to these customs was the Uko, a traditional burial receptacle crafted in accordance with age-old practices and universally accepted within the community.
The Uko was far more than a burial container; it embodied the spiritual worldview of the people, signifying the transition of the deceased into the ancestral realm. Its use reflected continuity with the past, communal identity, and fidelity to inherited customs. Burial rites were conducted with strict adherence to tradition, involving elaborate rituals and collective participation that reinforced the sacredness of death.
Within this deeply conservative cultural framework, any departure from established burial practices was rare and often resisted. The concept of adopting foreign or modern methods, such as the wooden casket—was largely unfamiliar and perceived as a significant deviation from tradition.
It was in this context that Princess Veronica Omoneka L.K. Ogedegbe (née Ebueso) emerged as a transformative figure. In 1951, she initiated a historic cultural shift by introducing the modern wooden casket during the burial of her father, Ebueso Enakhumhe. This bold and unprecedented decision marked the turning point from the traditional Uko system to contemporary burial practices in Avianwu Kingdom.
Her action not only redefined funerary customs but also established her legacy as a pioneer who successfully bridged tradition and modernity, leaving an indelible mark on the cultural evolution of her people.
REGAL ANCESTRAL BACKGROUND
Princess Veronica Omoneka L.K. Ogedegbe was born on 17th November 1926 into the distinguished royal lineage of Ikhaze in Ivhiobore Quarter, Ogbona, located in Etsako Central Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria.
She descended from the revered Ikhaze royal house, with her ancestry tracing back to Ogu, the earliest known ruler of Ogbona. This lineage represents a long-standing tradition of leadership, governance, and cultural stewardship.
Her paternal heritage connects her directly to her father, Ebueso, and to generations of traditional custodians of authority. She was equally of noble descent through her paternal grandmother, Ayayi, from the prestigious Oluwe royal family of Iraokhor. Thus, she embodied a dual heritage of aristocracy rooted in both paternal and maternal royal traditions.
ROYAL AND HISTORICAL LINEAGE
Princess Veronica’s lineage is intricately tied to the historic Ogu dynasty, one of the earliest ruling institutions in Ogbona. Her great-grandfather, Chief Ogu, was a foundational ruler whose leadership defined an era of indigenous governance, particularly during the period of early external contact and the disruptions of the transatlantic slave trade.
Successive figures such as Enakhumhe and Ikhumhetse continued this legacy of authority within the traditional system. However, during the colonial era, tensions between indigenous governance structures and colonial administrative policies led to the disruption of hereditary rulership.
This transition resulted in the establishment of a rotational chieftaincy system, replacing the earlier dynastic succession. Despite these changes, Princess Veronica’s family retained its prestige and influence, remaining deeply embedded in the sociopolitical and cultural fabric of Avianwu Kingdom.
Her heritage, therefore, symbolizes both the resilience of traditional institutions and the enduring relevance of royal lineage.
INDUSTRIOUS LIFE AND SOCIAL CONTRIBUTION
Raised in a disciplined and industrious environment, Princess Veronica developed into a resilient, resourceful, and visionary woman.
In the early 1940s, while residing in Lagos with her husband, she engaged in small-scale trading and food catering. Following her return to Ogbona in 1951 due to her husband’s ill health, she significantly expanded her entrepreneurial activities.
She became a prominent trader in foodstuffs, particularly rice, operating across markets within the three Etsako Local Government Areas. Through her enterprise, she not only sustained her household but also contributed meaningfully to the local economy.
Widely regarded as the financial pillar of her family, she demonstrated exceptional leadership, foresight, and determination. Her character was defined by integrity, courage, compassion, and an unwavering commitment to justice. She was known for speaking truth to authority and opposing oppression, earning widespread respect within her community.
HISTORIC LEGACY: THE TRANSITION FROM UKO TO MODERN CASKET
Princess Veronica Omoneka L.K. Ogedegbe is most prominently remembered as the pioneer of modern casket burial in Avianwu Kingdom, a transformation that permanently altered the cultural landscape.
In 1951, following the death of her father, Ebueso Enakhumhe, she made the extraordinary decision to reject the traditional Uko burial system. This was a bold move in a society where adherence to ancestral customs was both expected and enforced.
Her inspiration came from burial practices she had observed in Lagos, particularly during the funeral of Mr. Animashaun of the Egba community. There, she encountered the use of the modern wooden casket—an experience that reshaped her perspective on burial practices.
Determined to introduce this innovation, she refused to conform to tradition. Instead, she mobilized local craftsmen, including Shasibu Ikhanoba and Abu Sawyer, to construct a wooden casket using locally sourced materials. The casket was carefully crafted, painted, and decorated with indigenous pigment (Ume), blending innovation with cultural identity.
The burial ceremony became a historic spectacle. People from neighboring communities gathered in Ogbona to witness this unprecedented departure from tradition. What they saw was the beginning of a cultural transformation: the replacement of the Uko with the modern casket.
Though initially met with skepticism, her actions gradually gained acceptance and eventually became the new norm. Today, the use of caskets in Avianwu Kingdom stands as a testament to her courage and visionary leadership.
Beyond this milestone, she was also a custodian of oral tradition and an active participant in cultural preservation. She represented Edo heritage in national cultural exhibitions, including FESTAC ’77, further cementing her legacy as both a cultural innovator and a preserver.
CHRISTIAN FAITH AND SPIRITUAL LIFE
Princess Veronica transitioned from traditional religious practices to Christianity in the early 1940s through the Roman Catholic Mission.
She was baptized and confirmed at St. John the Baptist Catholic Church, Ogbona, where she remained a devoted member throughout her life. She actively participated in church organizations such as the Catholic Women Organization and the Charismatic Renewal Movement.
Her faith was evident in her daily life, service, and devotion. In recognition of her commitment, she received a special award from her parish in 2008. Her spirituality remained steadfast until her final days.
FINAL DAYS AND TRANSITION
In her final moments, Princess Veronica gathered her family in a profound expression of unity and legacy. She reflected on her life, emphasized the importance of family cohesion, and offered prayers for her descendants.
She passed peacefully on 22nd October 2013 at 3:55 p.m., having lived a life of remarkable impact and fulfillment. She is survived by her children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren.
CONCLUSION
Princess Veronica Omoneka L.K Ogedegbe (née Ebueso) stands as a monumental figure in the history of Avianwu Kingdom. Her most enduring contribution, the transition from the traditional Uko to the modern wooden casket, represents a defining moment in the cultural evolution of her people.
Her life was one of royalty, courage, innovation, industriousness, and deep spiritual conviction. By bridging the gap between tradition and modernity, she reshaped societal norms while preserving cultural identity.
Her legacy continues to resonate, not only in the changed burial practices of Avianwu Land, but also in the enduring story of a woman who dared to redefine tradition for generations to come.
DR. MOTHER THERESA AIKHUMHETSE ADAMU IKEKU (a.k.a. Uwuore – Mother of Youths)
Late Dr. Mother Theresa Aikhumhetse Adamu Ikeku was born in 1935, according to the genealogy of her family history. She was born into the family of the late Pa Imhakhu Ikhemie and the late Madam Asimawu Enatte Imhakhu (née Obemeata) of Ivhiokpo Quarters, Fugar, in present-day Etsako Central Local Government Area of Edo State.
She was the last child in a family of ten children. All her older siblings lived to a ripe old age, reflecting the family’s remarkable longevity. Her father died at the age of 90, and her mother at 115. They passed away in 1961 and 1996 respectively.
Social Life
In her youth, she was a tall, slender, and beautiful maiden, admired for her good character. She was a gifted singer of folk songs and a graceful dancer during festivals and celebrations—traits she inherited from her mother. She belonged to the last generation of Avhianwu maidens who carried out daily chores in the community while dressed in traditional attire, adorned with beautiful beads. This cultural mode of dressing was then a symbol of purity, at a time when the advent of Western culture had already begun to erode Avhianwu customs.
Educational Life
Mama had only limited exposure to Western education, as was often the case for the girl child during the colonial era. However, her strong sense of adventure and her stays with relatives beyond the borders of Avhianwu greatly broadened her horizons. These experiences enriched her knowledge and enabled her to master several languages. She spoke Igbo, Hausa, and Yoruba fluently.
Marital Life
Sweet Mother Theresa got married to her heartthrob, Late Pa Adamu Ikeku (a.k.a. Mr. Clean) in 1961. She held marital vows in the highest regard, following the admonition of her father, Late Pa Imhakhu Yerima, who often said that “marriage is honourable in all.” She believed in one husband and, despite many distractions, she remained steadfast. “”” She endured challenges with patience and grace, becoming an epitome of longevity in marriage. Her marriage was one of bliss, and at her passing, she was celebrated as the mother of seven wonderful biological children, as well as many others who suckled her nurturing breast and called her “Mama.”
Mama and Her Community Service
Mother Theresa, Mother of Youths (a.k.a. Uwuore), was truly an Amazon—fearless in fighting for others, regardless of personal inconvenience. Like one who bears a visible burden yet walks on with courage, she bore pains like a honeycomb: sweet in her resilience, joyful in her sacrifices, and ever praising God.
A philanthropist and a doctor without borders, Dr. Mother Theresa’s wealth of experience in orthodox medicine was an inherited gift passed down from her progenitors, especially her late mother, Madam Asimawu Enatte. She excelled in her calling, setting herself apart as one of the greatest traditional obstetricians and gynaecologists of her time. She worked as a freelancer, effectively combining the roles of midwife and matron without fuss. Though she was sometimes hated, slighted, and persecuted by those who believed only in “cash and carry,” Mama’s own ministry was one of pure service, cashless and selfless. When others were not there for their own, she was there for all.
She was a merchant of peace—she spoke peace, lived peace, and defined peace. She was the kind of person who could make a lion exude the calmness of a dove.
She was a mother of nations, a mother to all. Through her God-given gift, she helped many barren women become joyful mothers of children, with testimonies at home and abroad. To God be the glory.
Mama’s Life and the Ministry of the Saints
Deaconess and Lady Evangelist Mother Theresa was a matriarch in the faith—a pioneering convert and founding member of the Assemblies of God Church, Ogbona, in 1993. Mama lived a rich and exemplary life in Christ. She touched everyone she met with her infectious, tender, loving care. Her home was always open to relatives and strangers alike because of her kind-hearted nature.
She was truly a mother to all and generous to a fault. Mama was faithful and trustworthy, widely known throughout the Afemai District of the Assemblies of God Church, where she served as Treasurer from 1993 until her passing in 2015.
Mama was the little salt that seasoned many waters, the small candle that illuminated the darkest nights. She touched countless lives, changing her world for Christ. She raised godly children, including Adamu Emmanuel, a pastor in the Redeemed Christian Church of God, and Adamu Sunday, a pastor in the Deeper Life Bible Church.
Mama’s exit on the 22nd of September 2015, was the fall of a colossus. Yet we take solace in the Lord and pray for the grace to walk in the good legacy she left behind.
To God be the glory for a life so well lived.
BIOGRAPHY OF MAMA THERESA ONAWHUVHO ARUOKHAI
(Nee Ifaorumhe)
Late Mama Theresa Onawhuvho Aruokhai, née Ifaorumhe, was born in 1937 in Ivhitse, Ivhiochie Quarters, Ogbona. She was the only child of a short but fruitful marriage between the late Pa Ifaorumhe Okhogiemhe and Nene Omutu Ifaorumhe. Her paternal siblings included Onomiegbe Alice (RIP), Omolua Matthew, a.k.a. Emperor (RIP), Agboire John (RIP), Eraga Paulinus, Okhilomhe Emmanuel (RIP), Emigbai Rose, Aluyo Moses, Iduye Julius (RIP), and Oyokpaoye Bruno.
As the only child of the marriage, her late father named her Onawhuvho, roughly translates as “this is the only gift of this union.” Although she had no formal education, young Onawhuvho grew up to live up to that special name. She made the best of life’s many challenges, displaying a heroic personality marked by courage, uprightness, love for children, a defense of truth and the oppressed, and, by extension, a spirit of freedom fighting.
Mama Theresa and her late husband, Pa Adamu Aruokhai, were both members of the prestigious UMORUNUAMHE Age Group of 1955. They married a few years after their initiation into the age group, and the marriage was blessed with four children. Of the four, she lost two in infancy, while two— Benson and Susan— survived to adulthood and later gave her grandchildren, to her immeasurable joy. However, that joy was interrupted again by the death of her eldest surviving child, the late Mr. Benson, in December 2001. Consequently, her only surviving biological daughter today remains Sister Susan Kadiri, a devoted member of the Deeper Life Bible Church, Ogbona.
Despite the painful trials she faced because of the low survival rate of her children, Mama never allowed sorrow to overshadow her love for other children. Indeed, she made a virtue of necessity by devoting her motherly care to her stepchildren, the children in her neighborhood, and even her paternal siblings in her father’s household.
She nurtured them with deep affection, patience, and unwavering love as though they were her own biological children. Because of her exceptional love and compassion, many of them were fondly called “Mama’s Children.” When she lost one of her co-wives, she took in the late woman’s young children and raised them to adulthood.
The stepchildren remained under her nurture, care, and guidance, and she raised them with discipline, strong moral values, and genuine love. They grew up under her motherly care, eventually got married, and she continued to support and bless them with her prayers and presence. To the glory of God, one of these children, Chief Albert Adamu Aruokhai, grew to become a successful medical practitioner, politician, palace chief, and respected community leader. Mama was also blessed with nine biological grandchildren and ten great-grandchildren. She lived a good and remarkable life— one that many remember with joyful nostalgia.
Mama was a hardworking and resilient farmer who cultivated crops such as groundnuts, cassava, melon, and other food and cash crops. She used the produce from her farm to feed her household and generously provided the same for the many children she cared for.
She also engaged in petty trading and was an active member of the cultural dance group in her community. She was known for her graceful steps and joyful spirit. Mama was also a gifted cook; to her, cleanliness was next to godliness.
As a loving sister, she cared deeply for her siblings. In return for the kindness and love she showed them, they stood by her faithfully throughout the years. They cared for her as though she were their own mother and never abandoned her, even during her time of illness.
Mama was a devoted member of the Anglican Church, Ogbona, until she fell ill in 2020. When her health improved, though she could no longer walk long distances, she began attending the Deeper Life Bible Church with her daughter, Sister Susan Kadiri, because of its proximity to her home. This reflected Mama’s unwavering commitment to her faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, as she often declared without shame, irrespective of church. She subsequently became a member of the Deeper Life Bible Church, Ogbona, where she worshipped faithfully until her passing.
On 23 January 2026, at the age of 89, Mama Theresa Onawhuvho Aruokhai peacefully answered the call of her Maker.
Mama made virtues out of life’s necessities. She was a woman of wisdom and sound counsel, embodying patience, tolerance, endurance, compassion, and virtue. Her life remains a legacy of love, sacrifice, and godliness. Though she is no longer with us physically, her impact and memory will forever remain in our hearts.
Ecclesiastes 3:1, 2, 14
“To everything there is a season, and a time to every purpose under heaven:
A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck what is planted;
I know that whatever God does, it shall be forever. Nothing can be added to it, and nothing taken from it. God does it so that men should fear before Him.”
